IDENTIFIKASI DAN KARAKTERISASI SENYAWA AKTIF BRAZILIN DALAM EKSTRAK KAYU SECANG (Caesalpinia Sappan L.)

Sulthoni aziz, aziz (2025) IDENTIFIKASI DAN KARAKTERISASI SENYAWA AKTIF BRAZILIN DALAM EKSTRAK KAYU SECANG (Caesalpinia Sappan L.). Skripsi thesis, Universitas Perintis Indonesia.

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Abstract

Secang wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) is a traditional medicinal plant known to contain bioactive compounds, one of which is brazilin—a natural red pigment belonging to the homoisoflavonoid group that exhibits pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti inflammatory, and antibacterial effects. Brazilin is widely used in herbal medicine as well as a natural dye in the food and cosmetics industries. This study aimed to identify and characterize the active compound brazilin in secang wood extract using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The extraction process was carried out by maceration using 96% ethanol solvent for 3×24 hours. The extraction resulted in a yield of 3.26% and a drying loss of 1.6%, indicating that the extract had a low moisture content and was of good quality for storage. Phytochemical screening tests revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenolics, alkaloids, saponins, and steroids. GC-MS analysis identified two main compounds: brazilin and brazilein, detected at retention times of 13.530 minutes and 13.326 minutes, respectively. Identification was based on retention time matching and mass spectrum comparison with the NIST library. These findings demonstrate that the extraction and analysis methods used are effective for obtaining and identifying bioactive compounds from secang wood. This study supports the potential of secang wood extract as a raw ingredient for herbal medicines and as a safe, beneficial natural dye.

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