PENGARUH EKSTRAK ETIL ASETAT BUAH ASAM KANDIS (Garcinia cowa Roxb.ex Choisy) TERHADAP KADAR Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) DAN HISTOLOGI GINJAL TIKUS HIPERKOLESTEROLEMIA

Dhiya Azzah Nabilah, Dhiya (2025) PENGARUH EKSTRAK ETIL ASETAT BUAH ASAM KANDIS (Garcinia cowa Roxb.ex Choisy) TERHADAP KADAR Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) DAN HISTOLOGI GINJAL TIKUS HIPERKOLESTEROLEMIA. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Perintis Indonesia.

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Abstract

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease, which affects lipid profiles and may cause organ damage, including the kidneys. Garcinia Cowa roxb. Ex Choisy (asam kandis) fruit contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and xanthones that have potential antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects. This study aimed to determine the effect of ethyl acetate extract of Garcinia Cowa roxb. Ex Choisy fruit on LDL levels and renal histology in hypercholesterolemic white rats (Rattus norvegicus). This was an experimental laboratory study with a post-test only control group design using 25 rats divided into five groups: negative control, positive control (hypercholesterolemia without treatment), comparison (simvastatin), ethyl acetate extract 40 mg/kg BW, and ethyl acetate extract 80 mg/kg BW. Hypercholesterolemia was induced using a high-fat diet, followed by treatments according to groups. LDL levels were measured on days 0, 7, and 14, while renal histology was evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin staining. One-way ANOVA showed no significant differences in LDL levels among groups on day 0 (p>0.05). However, significant differences were observed on days 7 and 14 (p<0.05). The 80 mg/kg BW ethyl acetate extract group demonstrated a marked reduction in LDL levels, comparable to the simvastatin group. Histological examination revealed that the positive control group exhibited glomerular enlargement, Bowman’s space dilation, and tubular damage, whereas the ethyl acetate extract groups, particularly the 80 mg/kg BW dose, showed improvements approaching normal renal structure. Ethyl acetate extract of Garcinia xanthochymus fruit effectively reduced LDL levels and improved renal histology in hypercholesterolemic rats, with the 80 mg/kg BW dose providing the most optimal effect. Keywords: Garcinia cowa, Hypercholesterolemia, LDL, Kidney Histology

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